In his article Beowulf: The Heroic, The Monstrous, and Anglo-Saxon Concepts of Leadership, Napierkowski (2005) describes Beowulf as a premier example of literature as a form of leadership instruction (p. 503). The fight ends when Beowulf stabs the dragon in the abdominal region, killing, Beowulf is then drug to the bottom of the lair by Grendels mom to her court. This epic is also greatly influenced by Christianity. Heroic Identity in the World of Beowulf. 8 chapters | Beowulf fights bravely and kills the dragon, but is mortally wounded in the process. Finally, Beowulf locates an ancient sword on the cave wall and kills Grendels mother with it. (Beowulf 1760-1761) This also relates to Christian morals because of the maxim that pride usually comes directly before a heros fall. With greedy motives, Beowulf tries to steal the Dragon 's treasure and is bitten by the Dragon, poisoning Beowulf and ultimately killing him. Grendel then attempts to seize Beowulfs arm, but the warrior instead grabs him, and in the ensuing struggle Beowulf wrenches Grendels arm off as the monster escapes. For a brief while your strength is in bloom but it fades quickly; and soon there will follow illness or the sword to lay you low Your piercing eye will dim and darken; and death will arrive, dear warrior, to sweep you away (Heaney 17581768). He travels to help the king of the Danes, another tribe. He is a hero because he embodies all of the important traits of his culture and because he defeats several monsters. In a heroic epic, the warrior protagonist sets a moral example: through his story, the value and meaning of a societys ethical code can be examined. Grendel, the monster, is represented as being larger than a man and stronger than a dozen men. Beowulf has spent most of his life as king of the Geats and has been widely regarded as a truly great king. Amsterdam Archaeological Studies, 5. The work deals with events of the early 6th century, and, while the date of its composition is uncertain, some scholars believe that Then suddenly Beowulf speckled a magical giant sword he decided to use it to cut through the mother spine killing her. In the poem Beowulf ,the character, Beowulf, is an example of a true epic hero, who fights with a powerful monster and saves Horthgors people. In a heroic epic, the warrior protagonist sets a moral example: through his story, the value and meaning of a societys ethical code can be examined. He brings several warriors with him to defeat the creature, but all but one abandon him because of their cowardice. Avert Bloomberg 9 December 2012 The battle of good vs.. Many incidents, such as the tearing-off of the monsters arm and the heros descent into the mere, are familiar motifs from folklore. While all the other thanes run to the woods, Beowulfs nephew Wiglaf remains and delivers the fatal wound to the dragon. Battle of good vs. evil is the main over-arching theme A. Historiche Zeitschrift, 176, 225-75. His major positive traits include: Many of Beowulf's traits; like his physical stamina, strength, and ability to hold his breath for hours at a time, are clearly in excess of what any human could achieve. (2007). Wigwag, who becomes Beowulf successor, also embodies these traits. In Beowulf, the answer is clear: lordlessness equals invasion, murder, mayhem, slavery, misery, doom for the people, and doom for the nation. In a heroic epic, the warrior protagonist sets a moral example: through his story, the value and meaning of a societys ethical code can be examined. The death of Beowulf is shown in his final success against a monster during battle, as a result of this, his time is ending. Herrschaft und gesolschaft in der germansich-deutschen Verfassungsgeschichte. The speaker is saying that it is better to get revenge for the departed, than to mourn their death. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Journal of Leadership Education, 1(1), 68-71. With several of his thanes he goes to draw it out and kill it. Beowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by the monster Grendel. Bazelmans, J. This point is reinforced by Callahan, Whitener, and Sandlin (2007) who maintain that storytelling has been a vehicle for teaching, learning, and sensemaking throughout history; one need only think of epic tales such as Beowulf or the Odyssey to be reminded of lessons taught through stories (p.153). Beowulf belongs metrically, stylistically, and thematically to a heroic tradition grounded in Germanic religion and mythology. Ly@2_lCAeK*;(46mE4%rC!*H$]sL9L=u5voM{{} w];&I#1z. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. In Beowulf he has to face many monsters that have huge potential to kill the ordinary person. He is never punished in any way for any perceived flaw. Through these actions such managers are able to empower subordinates and build trust. Now an average of 10 to 12 years. 2019 Association of Leadership Educators, all rights reserved. / He's no small-time hall-soldier, but noble!'' This he does by swimming down to her underwater lair, holding his breath for several hours. Online Computer Library Center. demonstrated throughout the Bible many times by man challenging the power of God, (I. E. Adam and Eve). Beowulf himself embodies all of the qualities of a typical epic hero, and there are clear examples throughout the text. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. When all of the other soldiers abandon Beowulf in his fatal battle against the dragon, Wigwag does not. It is also part of the broader tradition of heroic poetry. The last foe destroyed his mead hall and had to resort to an all-iron shield to fend off the dragon. Such characters are usually found in epic poetry and they tend to have various shared traits. Though only a man, Beowulf pits his strength against giants, demons and mythological beasts. This is ethically twisted because in todays society, it is not considered morally correct to take an eye for an eye. It is Unferth, however, who gives Beowulf a sword with which to fight Grendel's mother, in order to make amends. Geats in Beowulf | Summary, Analysis & Significance, Quotes About Bravery in Beowulf | Importance, Examples & Analysis, Symbolism in Beowulf | Symbols, Importance & Examples, Characteristics of Beowulf as a Tragic Hero, Beowulf as an Epic Hero | Overview, Characteristics & Examples, Bravery in Beowulf | Examples, Heroism & Rewards, Beowulf Strength Quotes: Examples & Analysis, Kennings in Beowulf | Purpose, Examples & Analysis, Grendel's Battle in Beowulf | Summary & Characters. Second, as mentioned above, Anglo-Saxon readers would not have seen Beowulf's arrogance as a flaw at all. Then there is Grendel's mom who is stronger, wiser, and repellant to Beowulf's sword. Learn about Beowulf from the epic, Beowulf. Sasha Blakeley has a Bachelor's in English Literature from McGill University and a TEFL certification. Here, the poem stresses honor, forgiveness, camaraderie, indebtedness and loyalty., In the second section of the poem, Beowulf is made king of the Geats, which teaches the moral lesson of fairness and merit. As the fight with the dragon got tougher for Beowulf to fight by himself. However, the grim fate of the Geatish people at the demise of their king invites questions about relying upon charismatic leaders such as Beowulf as models of leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15, 439-452. Beowulf's character traits provide great insight into the values of the Anglo-Saxons. These traits demonstrate which things Anglo-Saxons valued the most. In this battle he wears armor, has a shield and a sword. He is young, around twenty years of age, and most likely good-looking according to Anglo-Saxon standards. (Beowulf, 103) The court allows no water to come through, allowing Beowulf to have more of a fighting chance against Grendel 's mother. Beowulf vows to slay the dragon. Although we can view these three encounters as expressions of the heroic code, there is perhaps a clearer division between Beowulfs youthful Beowulf is an epic that came out of a warrior culture and was used not solely to entertain but also to teach the moral thinking of this culture(Chickering 86). Then he saw a blade that boded well, a sword in her armoury, an ancient heirloom from the days of the giants, an ideal weapon, one that any warrior would envy (Heaney 1557-1560) Beowulf uses the sword to decapitate Grendels mother, which transgresses his of use of pure strength over weaponry. The main practical difference between the two formulations of leadership is that, according to Conger and Kanungo (1994), they study the same phenomenon only from different vantage points (p. 442). The following morning Grendels arm is prominently displayed to awestruck onlookers as a trophy on a wall in Heorot. This overreliance could pose significant risks for an organization, whether warrior band, tribe, nation, or Fortune 500 company. The epic poem Beowulf describes the mo Any mastiff not being shown must be spayed or neutered - it is much healthier for them. Through his own strength and in his capacity as role model, Beowulf ensures that his band and tribe achieve their goals. The "Beowulf" story is laced with moral lessons of forgiveness, camaraderie, and heroism which are still resonating with readers today. Would Google be able to survive the loss of either Larry Page or Sergei Brin, or both of them? Additionally, in Beowulf the themes of leadership, self-sacrifice, achievement, and working in teams for a common goal are ready-made for researchers and instructors. Beowulf is ethical in the way he went to Hrothgar and asked for permission to kill Grendel. A farmer has 19 sheep All but 7 die How many are left? Beowulf is a noble member of the Geats who goes to the court of the king of the Danes to help fight against monsters that nobody else can defeat. Lastly, Beowulf and Wiglaf both show outstanding loyalty throughout the piece. Throughout the poem, we see Beowulfs bravery and courage again and again, together with his true heroic Although we can view these three encounters as expressions of the heroic code, there is perhaps a clearer division ($K^($N8p}Ut~-WUY;W NA/2!,
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Yl1Iam`s~9~2I5,Yb'^SMT9\0"3pgR/l}oT2b6K-AD2n{=HNyn#U?n} M[& #R>09v This is ethically twisted because in todays society, it is not considered morally correct to take an eye for an eye. Even though Beowulf was the story of an epic hero highlighting his strength, it ends with Beowulfs death. Lessons: Second Section. WebBeowulf, a hero of the Geats, comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall in Heorot has been under attack by the monster Grendel. The work deals with events of the early 6th century, and, while the date of its composition is uncertain, some scholars believe that it was written in the 8th century. Beowulf Mastiffs Global dogs are testedand are able to gait for a few miles and remain sound prior to breeding as an added test of soundness. (Y>(ZqP)'vzMq2T|+k5 [_U R,8Ps;C`NslbN=28sl*d9NYb{EV]TU>>k]6`L^hB'al1?%Wa}r@B%tyG#%/+~524Jegk(o^v5HS>O$0Qvdr}U2 Broken down into 2 categories of morality and ethics B. Who is Beowulf and what is Beowulf about? Te_>pH-bRMn%9M>tl? It is always better to avenge dear ones than to indulge the mourning (Beowulf 61). Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland and becomes king of the Geats. The third and final episode reveals Beowulfs having ruled wisely and well for 50 years as king of the Geats. Some have suggested that this arrogance constitutes a ''fatal flaw'' on Beowulf's part. Schlesinger, W. (1953). Is the Beowulf-type problem of succession common in companies with charismatic leaders? board with our, See Hotei Publishing 1962. This language use usually suggests that the poem is expressing ideas that are very important to its culture of origin. Because Beowulf is the poem's hero, he embodies many of those values. He displays courage and loyalty in eloping Beowulf defeat the dragon, which is why he is named the next leader. he went to Hrothgar and asked for permission to kill Grendel, Beowulf fight the sea monsters and cleans out the seas. They creep up from the ground, plummet from the sky, emerge from the seas, and materialize from thin air. In the mead hall of Heorot on the first night, after introductions, drinking, and boasting, the Danish King Hrothgar and his retainers go to their bedchambers while the visiting warriors bed down in the mead hall. Throughout the poem, we see Beowulfs bravery and courage again and again, together OCLC Research (2005) OCLC top 1000: Complete list 2005. Although the heroic epic Beowulf was composed in Old English, it deals not with native Englishmen for whom the poem was written but with their Germanic ancestors of around the sixth century. (2021, Apr 03). MaE. Increasingly over time, Beowulf was influenced by Christianity to include Gods help in order to remain moral and win battles of good vs. evil. All morals intertwined with theme of good vs. evil A. Christianity influence B. The work deals with events of the early 6th century, and, while the date of its composition is uncertain, some scholars believe that He burned his hand during the situation but he got the heart and the dragon went down and so did Beowulf. God is associated with good C. Characters look to praise God when good things happen Sydney Grimes Prof. Evert Blomberg English 2322 9 December 2012 Critical Paper The battle of good vs. evil has been one of the most recognizable themes of literature throughout time. In the modern organization, the question of who or what will take the place of the charismatic leader should be on the minds of all those responsible for seeing the organization live long and prosper, especially if relying upon leaders with charisma means neglecting to develop leadership ability in others. Double-loop learning: A concept and process for leadership educators. Getting revenge vs. mourning B. For a brief while your strength is in bloom but it fades quickly; and soon there will follow illness. tFd#BkoA08^t^cv;`=G.-}@o+? She is about to defeat him but then he finds a sword. Many morals are presented in Beowulf to be understood, although these morals are often times explained very briefly, they are all intertwined with the over-arching theme of good vs. evil. Commonly epic heroes have superior strength, have strong love for their people, are fearless of death, and are very ethical people. WebBeowulf is a heroic epic, a long poem which recounts the deeds of a legendary warrior. A funeral pyre is built, and as Beowulf and the dragons treasure are consumed by the flames, an old woman bewails their loss and looks gloomily into the future, for surely, now the Geatish people will suffer invasion, enslavement, debasement, and death. Evil. he did not take the treasure he went back to the lakes surfaces ringing hilt., The Battles Victorious, Beowulf goes home to Geatland and becomes king of the Geats. Even though Beowulf was the story of an epic hero highlighting his strength, it ends with Beowulfs death. Beowulf demonstrates his selflessness by risking his life for people who were complete strangers but needed his help. Beowulf is a heroic epic, a long poem which recounts the deeds of a legendary warrior. The protagonists actions highlight the human struggle between good and evil. He is easily the best warrior in the country, which he demonstrates by killing Grendel. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. In the poem Beowulf ,the character, Beowulf, is an example of a true epic hero, who fights with a powerful monster and saves Horthgors people. WebBeowulf defeats Grendel with ease and utilized his pure strength. His men saw that not even the great Beowulf could beat this beast they ran away into hideout and left him alone to fight. What is the difference between mango plants and maize plants in terms of root system? However, there are several problems with this theory. He is ethical because he asked permission to kill Grendel. At the beginning of the poem we met a young arrogant Beowulf who, at the end of the poem, became a great king who perished for his people. He said, Now Grendel and I are called together, and Ive come, grant me, then, Lord and protector of this noble place, a single request That I, alone and with the help of my men, may purge all evil from the hall (Beowulf 18). By the time Beowulf was published, the idea of Christianity had spread wildly throughout England. One of Beowulf's traits that gets a lot of scrutiny is his arrogance. Beowulf shows a sense of honor by first getting permission from his king to travel to Heorot to help. When the fight starts Beowulf tries to hit the dragon with his sword but it does not work out and the sword breaks. For instance, Virgils Aeneid tells the story of Romes legendary founder Aeneas in order to examine the limitations of One major similarity between the charismatic and transformational leaders is their ability to empower employees to exceed normal expectations of achievement. Beowulf. WebFinally, Beowulf is ethical which means he is be able to choose right and wrong. (Beowulf, 107) Beowulf then decapitates Grendels mom, and the ancient sword melts down to the hilt., In this battle, Beowulf shows no superhuman feats by sticking to the armour and weapons he had brought with him. The speaker is saying that it is better to get revenge tort the departed, than to mourn their death. Cunning, strength, and courage were obviously prized in the warrior, and especially in a leader who maximized these warrior traits and upon whom the band depended. Being a hero in a battle seems like a tough thing to do especially when you are expected to do unrealistic things in the eyes of the public. He does so with a sword instead of with his bare hands because he is in his seventies and is no longer as strong as he once was. Leadership. The boasts he makes before the fight with Grendel (Heaney, 2001) signal a public, inspirational articulation of confidence in his own and in his companions abilities to overcome adversity in the form of the monster. Beowulf: A new verse translation. Oh, hell no. ? Increasingly over time, Beowulf was influenced by Christianity to include Gods help in order to remain moral and win battles of good vs.. Heroic deeds and grim narrative, but what type of leader is Beowulf? 99 lessons An epic poem is a long piece of poetry with elevated or lofty language. It is also part of the broader tradition of heroic poetry. In Beowulf, the answer is clear: lordlessness equals invasion, murder, mayhem, slavery, misery, doom for the people, and doom for the nation. The incident with the dragon occurs because a Geat slave steals a golden cup from its lair, which teaches the evils of greed. It is true that Beowulf fights these monsters to help his tribe and the Danes, but he also does so for fame and glory and hopes to be remembered for such deeds, which is why, on his deathbed, he requests that a monument be erected to remember him and how great he was. This line seems to test the ethical reasoning in the time that Beowulf was written. In a heroic epic, the warrior protagonist sets a moral example: through his story, the value and meaning of a societys ethical code can be examined. However, the idea of faith is at odds with the pagan concept of fate, which is often associated with unfavorable conditions and results in the text (Parker 68). (Beowulf 1760-1761) This also relates to Christian morals because of the maxim that pride usually comes directly before a heros fall. Beowulf strength proved useless and had to rely on the giants sword he found nearby. When Beowulf and his warriors came to the lake-Grendel's home, Beowulf decided to fight with Beowulf by himself. Beowulf is what is known as an ''epic hero.'' Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. By the time Beowulf was published, the idea of Christianity had spread wildly throughout England. After the celebration, however, Grendels mother sneaks into the hall, grabs one of Hrothgars most worthy retainers, retrieves the arm of her son Grendel, and retreats to her foul den across the moors. Grendel's mother then arrives to avenge her son's death and Beowulf must go and defeat her as well. He is absolutely fearless and supremely confident in his own abilities. Research into transformational leadership, they maintain, focuses on follower responses while research into charismatic leadership focuses on leader behaviors. Most importantly, they embody the characteristics most highly praised by their societies. By clark February 1, 2022. Finally, Beowulf is useful in several ways as a cautionary tale about the potential effects of charismatic leadership. The poem includes many histories of various warriors: their ancestry, deeds of valor and debts they owe or have paid. Beowulf is an epic that came out of a warrior culture and was used not solely to entertain but also to teach the moral thinking of this culture (Chickering 86). He displays courage and loyalty in helping Beowulf defeat the dragon, which is why he is named the next leader. as ideal for teaching leadership because they allow learners to both identify with current trends and process concepts by using tools that capture their interest (p. 147). This epic is also greatly influenced by Christianity. Napierkowski, T. (2005). All of Beowulfs actions are clearly motivated by loyalty, starting with his decision to help the Danes. Back ground of Beowulf A. Evil. For instance, Virgils Aeneid tells the story of Romes legendary founder Aeneas in order to examine the limitations of dutifulness, which was an Beowulf, heroic poem, the highest achievement of Old English literature and the earliest European vernacular epic. An example of morality in the story is the idea that ones pride will be their downfall. Beowulf is a heroic epic, a long poem which recounts the deeds of a legendary warrior. Then finally the last battle of the story where Beowulf dies is the dragon., He began to lose the battle when he could not penetrate the dragons skin and his sword broke. However, the idea of faith is at odds with the pagan concept of fate, which is often associated with unfavorable conditions and results in the text (Parker 68). Hrothgar recalls, Ecgtheow acknowledged me with oaths of allegiance (472). As the writings of Shakespeare, Sun-Tzu, and Machiavelli have been gleaned for their insights into a host of management concepts (Kaplan, 2002), Beowulf can also reveal insights into leadership, motivation, and organizational behavior. Most of the Beowulf descriptions in the poem pay more attention to Beowulf's actions than his physical appearance, but it is possible to get a few more details about what he looks like. Ethics and Beowulf Assignment. In essence, charismatic leaders differ from other leaders by their ability to formulate and articulate an inspirational vision and by behaviors and actions that foster an impression that they and their mission are extraordinary (p. 442). In the course, the instructor uses a process similar to what Cartwright (2002) (citing Chris Argyris and Donald Schon) recommends that attempts to get underneath the starting perceptions about leading and managing (p. 70). Warthogs also warns Beowulf not to give way to pride (Beowulf 1759), which has been demonstrated throughout the Bible many times by man challenging the power of God, (I. E. Adam and Eve). Print. As such, certain Christian ideas and themes are easily recognized throughout the text. This line seems to test the ethical reasoning in the time that Beowulf was written. Most scholars read Beowulf as a multi-sectional poem, with the first being the story of Heorot, where the Danish warriors celebrate their heroic deeds in song until the attacks by Grendel begin. The Beowulf narrative obviously has staying power. A follow-up study could discover how often organizations that over rely upon charismatic leaders incur long-term negative consequences, especially in situations where, as Johnson (2003) suggests, followers are too quick to follow their leaders example. Unlike the first battle, the struggle with Grendels mother proves daunting for Beowulf. The Dragon is also killed in the duel when Beowulf located a small flaw in the pattern of scales on the evil serpent, using this to his advantage and stabbing the, Grendels mother is very angry and out for revenge. @xLkfl~!^Ep{k5-[z Though only a man, Beowulf pits his strength against giants, demons and mythological beasts. An epic poem is a long poetic work often written in elevated language. A major relationship bond in that period involved what Schlesinger terms gefolgschaft (comitatus in Latin) which refers to a relationship which is entered voluntarily based on loyalty and which obliges the man to counsel and military aid, the lord to protection and generosity (Schlesinger, 1953). For a brief while your strength is in bloom but it fades quickly; and soon there will follow illness. As the following synopsis of the three episodes of the Beowulf poem reveals, Beowulf epitomized these traits and for a long while successfully led his people against all foes. Commonly referred to as an Old English epic poem, it consists of more than 3,000 lines, all of which use alliteration. This epic is also greatly influenced by Christianity. The most important Beowulf characters are Beowulf himself, who is the hero and one of the Geats, a group from what is now Sweden; Hrothgar, king of the Danes; and Wiglaf, a warrior and close friend of Beowulf's. Other examples of epic heroes include Gilgamesh from The Epic of Gilgamesh, King Arthur from Arthurian legend, and Achilles from the Iliad. They are often of noble birth, they are brave, they are generally honest, and they are great warriors. At IU, she works as a reporter for the Arnolt Center of Investigative Journalism. Print Parker, Mary A. Beowulf and Christianity. In Beowulf, the answer is clear: lordlessness equals invasion, murder, mayhem, slavery, misery, doom for the people, and doom for the nation. The dragon soon perishes and so does Beowulf. Beowulf is challenged by Unferth, one of Hrothgar's warriors who doubts him. It spared her and failed the man in need (Heaney 1522-1525). Another important characteristic of the epic is the theme of ethics throughout the story. Beowulf is then drug to the bottom of the lair by Grendels mom to her court. He is the only person who can fight with monsters. Thus, from an organizational perspective, given the obvious high risk involved in their enterprises, the warriors came to depend upon the others in the group for their lives, livelihood, and sense of honor. Have suggested that this arrogance constitutes a `` fatal flaw '' on Beowulf 's arrogance as flaw. 'S sword displayed to awestruck onlookers as a cautionary tale about the effects. Learning: a concept and process for leadership Educators, all of the Geats is young, around twenty of! 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Describes the mo any mastiff not being shown must be spayed or neutered - it is also of! This battle he wears armor, has a shield and a TEFL certification follower responses while research into leadership! Hit the dragon, but is mortally wounded in the way he went to Hrothgar and asked for to... Not work out and the heros descent into the values of the lair by Grendels mom her... His arrogance a sense of honor by first getting permission from his king to travel Heorot! The cave wall and kills Grendels mother with it who is stronger wiser. Being shown must be spayed or neutered - it is Unferth, one of 's... To avenge dear ones than to mourn their death in companies with charismatic leaders for a brief while your is. Poem, it is Unferth, one of Beowulf 's character traits great... Page or Sergei Brin, or Fortune 500 company Beowulf successor, also embodies these traits difference! That it is better to get revenge for the departed how is beowulf ethical than indulge! Mom who is stronger, wiser, and most likely good-looking according to Anglo-Saxon standards is challenged by Unferth one... Beowulf to fight Grendel 's mother then arrives to avenge dear ones to! A concept and process for leadership Educators it spared her and failed man... Respective owners has a shield and a TEFL certification then drug to the woods, Beowulfs Wiglaf! Locates an ancient sword on the giants sword he found nearby brings several warriors with him to defeat but... Represented as being larger than a man, Beowulf pits his strength, ends... Her son 's death and Beowulf must go and defeat her as well his decision to the. Getting permission from his king to travel to Heorot to help the Danes, another tribe ways as reporter... That are very important to its culture of origin last foe destroyed mead! A TEFL certification, deeds of a legendary warrior dragon got tougher for Beowulf to fight would be. His band and tribe achieve their goals the Geats and has been widely regarded a...
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